developed elaborate railway systems that facilitated 
mobilization of manpower resources. Encirclement is a highly 
visual image that had great novelty for this newly industrialized 
nation. In the l930s, by contrast, the German obsession was 
with lebensraum . This is not a visual concern, at all. It is a 
claustrophobia, engendered by the radio implosion and 
compression of space. The German defeat had thrust them 
back from visual obsession into brooding upon the resonating 
Africa within. The tribal past has never ceased to be a reality 
for the German psyche.

     It was the ready access of the German and middle-
European world to the rich nonvisual resources of auditory and 
tactile form that enabled them to enrich the world of music and 
dance and sculpture. Above all their tribal mode gave them 
easy access to the new nonvisual world of subatomic physics,